Drug allocation for earthquake first aid has higher time sensitivity than that for general rescue supplies. In medical rescue, treatment during the first three days after an earthquake is critical the effect of medical rescue will gradually weaken after this period. For example, numerous victims died in Indonesia earthquake because of drug shortage. The shortage or delay of emergency medical supplies, particularly for sterilization, anti-infection, anesthesia, and stanch bleeding, prevents the timely treatment of victims. For example, a shortage of emergency rescue materials occurred during the Wenchuan (WC), Yushu, and Ludian earthquakes. The construction of emergency resources in China has many weak links, and the demands of disaster emergency cannot be fully met. After an earthquake, the demands for drugs, food, tents, and other supplies in disaster areas increase sharply within a short period. Unlike other disasters, earthquakes are characterized by strong suddenness, huge destructiveness, and high defense difficulty.
Clearly, global earthquake relief work is arduous. A magnitude 9.0 earthquake occurred in Japan on March 11, 2011, and triggered a tsunami, causing unit numbers 1–4 of the Fukushima I Nuclear Power Plant to develop a nuclear leak, taking 13,498 lives, and leaving 14,734 people still missing. A magnitude 7.4 earthquake occurred in Haiti on January 12, 2010, taking 222,500 lives and injuring 196,000 people. More than 79,000 Pakistanis lost their lives, over 60,000 were injured, and 3.3 million were left homeless. A magnitude 7.8 earthquake occurred in Pakistan on October 8, 2005, affecting Pakistan, India, Afghanistan, and Indonesia. A magnitude 8.7 earthquake occurred on December 26, 2004, and a tsunami was triggered off the northwest coast of Sumatra, Indonesia, killing 188,149 people in the countries around the Indian Ocean and with 43,861 still missing. A magnitude 7.4 earthquake occurred in the western part of Turkey on August 17, 1999, taking more than 13,000 lives. The magnitude 7.2 Great Hanshin earthquake occurred on January 17, 1995, taking 5466 lives and leaving more than 30,000 injured and hundreds of thousands of others homeless the victims reached more than 1.4 million. A magnitude 7.5 aftershock occurred the next day, taking more than 7000 lives, causing injury to 11,000 people, and leaving more than 0.3 million homeless the economic loss totaled USD 1.1 billion. A magnitude 8.1 earthquake occurred in the Pacific Ocean, off the coast of the Mexican state, on September 19, 1985. The great Kanto earthquake also triggered a violent tsunami and a severe volcanic eruption, taking 5700 lives. Among the earthquakes that followed, 3 were more than 8.0 in magnitude and 10 were more than 7.0. A magnitude 8.9 earthquake with an epicentral intensity of more than 11 hit Chile on May 22, 1980, and hundreds of stronger earthquakes followed continuously. Earthquakes also trigger landslides, debris flow, and other secondary disasters, all of which cause large numbers of casualties. The terrible fire that occurred in the business district of Tokyo at the same time took 240,000 lives in Yokohama Park. The great Kanto earthquake that occurred in Japan on September 1, 1923, destroyed 600,000 buildings, took 143,000 lives, and left 200,000 injured and 500,000 homeless. The magnitude 8.3 earthquake that hit San Francisco on April 18, 1906, took more than 60,000 lives.
Historically, the frequent occurrence of catastrophic or major earthquakes has resulted in a considerable loss of life and property worldwide. IntroductionĮarth has been subjected to earthquakes during its entire geological period. Results show that the method can be used to create a good allocation plan in an earthquake rescue situation.
Third, a simulation analysis is performed in which the proposed method is applied to the first-aid medicine allocation problem in the Wenchuan earthquake response. This method attempts to realize a fair allocation to all disaster places and minimize total transport time loss.
Second, we propose an equilibrium decision method for the allocation of first-aid medicine in earthquake rescue based on information update. First, we consider the incompleteness and renewal of decision information in an emergency environment, as well as the balance between the risk of decision error and delay. This study focuses on the problem of first-aid medicine allocation in earthquake response. The allocation of first-aid medicine for earthquake rescue has stronger time sensitivity than that of general rescue materials. The allocation of rescue resources after an earthquake has become a popular research topic in the field of emergency management.